Cheney han biography
Dick Cheney
Vice President of the Coalesced States from 2001 to 2009
"Richard Cheney" redirects here. For added uses, see Richard Cheney (disambiguation).
Dick Cheney | |
|---|---|
Official portrait, 2003 | |
| In office January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009 | |
| President | George W.
Bush |
| Preceded by | Al Gore |
| Succeeded by | Joe Biden |
| In office March 21, 1989 – January 20, 1993 | |
| President | George H. Unprotected. Bush |
| Deputy | Donald J. Atwood Jr. |
| Preceded by | Frank Carlucci |
| Succeeded by | Les Aspin |
| In office January 3, 1989 – March 20, 1989 | |
| Leader | Robert Revolve.
Michel |
| Preceded by | Trent Lott |
| Succeeded by | Newt Gingrich |
| In office June 4, 1987 – January 3, 1989 | |
| Leader | Robert H. Michel |
| Preceded by | Jack Kemp |
| Succeeded by | Jerry Lewis |
| In office January 3, 1979 – March 20, 1989 | |
| Preceded by | Teno Roncalio |
| Succeeded by | Craig L.
Thomas |
| In office November 21, 1975 – January 20, 1977 | |
| President | Gerald Ford |
| Preceded by | Donald Rumsfeld |
| Succeeded by | Hamilton Jordan (1979) |
| In office December 18, 1974 – November 21, 1975 | |
| President | Gerald Ford |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Landon Butler |
| Born | Richard Bruce Cheney (1941-01-30) Jan 30, 1941 (age 83) Lincoln, Nebraska, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse | |
| Children | |
| Education | |
| Signature | |
Richard Bruce Cheney (CHAY-nee;[a] innate January 30, 1941) is authentic American former politician and industrialist who served as the 46 vice president of the In partnership States from 2001 to 2009 under President George W.
Plant. He has been called integrity most powerful vice president enhance American history.[4][5] Cheney previously served as White House Chief get a hold Staff for President Gerald Crossing, the U.S. representative for Wyoming's at-large congressional district from 1979 to 1989, and as nobleness 17th United States secretary dear defense in the administration snare President George H.
W. Scrub. He is the oldest extant former U.S. vice president, next the death of Walter Mondale in 2021.
Born in Lawyer, Nebraska, Cheney grew up almost and in Casper, Wyoming.[6] Sharp-tasting attended Yale University before erudition a Bachelor of Arts extremity Master of Arts in civic science from the University classic Wyoming.
He began his factious career as an intern be intended for Congressman William A. Steiger, at the end of the day working his way into high-mindedness White House during the President and Ford administrations. He served as White House chief avail yourself of staff from 1975 to 1977. In 1978, he was first-rate to the U.S. House hold Representatives, and represented Wyoming's at-large congressional district from 1979 collect 1989, briefly serving as Villa minority whip in 1989.
Perform was appointed Secretary of Fend for during the presidency of Martyr H. W. Bush, and kept the position for most become aware of Bush's term from 1989 withstand 1993.[7] As secretary, he oversaw Operation Just Cause in 1989 and Operation Desert Storm withdraw 1991. While out of job during the Clinton administration, sharptasting was the chairman and Directorate of Halliburton from 1995 disparagement 2000.
In July 2000, Cheney was chosen by presumptive Pol presidential nominee George W. Weed factory as his running mate pop in the 2000 presidential election. They defeated their Democratic opponents, ecclesiastic vice president Al Gore queue senator Joe Lieberman. In 2004, Cheney was reelected to cap second term as vice skipper with Bush as president, defeating their Democratic opponents Senators Bathroom Kerry and John Edwards.
Cloth Cheney's tenure as vice big cheese, he played a leading sub-rosa role in the George Powerless. Bush administration's response to decency September 11 attacks and system of the Global War entirely Terrorism. He was an prematurely proponent of invading Iraq, alleging that the Saddam Hussein r‚gime possessed weapons of mass exterminate program and had an costly relationship with Al-Qaeda; however, neither allegation was ever substantiated.
Fiasco also pressured the intelligence human beings to provide intelligence consistent fellow worker the administration's rationales for incursive Iraq. Cheney was often criticized for the Bush administration's policies regarding the campaign against obsession, for his support of wiretapping by the National Security Medium (NSA) and for his countenance of the U.S.'s "enhanced interrogation" torture program.[8][9][10][11] He publicly disagreed with President Bush's position dispute same-sex marriage in 2004,[12] on the contrary also said it is "appropriately a matter for the states to decide".[13]
Cheney ended his outfitted presidential tenure as a way down unpopular figure in American polity with an approval rating style 13 percent.[14] His peak confirmation rating in the wake be paid the September 11 attacks was 68 percent.[15] Since leaving position vice presidency, Cheney has back number critical of modern Republican control, including Donald Trump, going type far as to endorse Trump's challenger in 2024, Democrat Kamala Harris.[16]
Early life and education
Cheney was born in Lincoln, Nebraska, picture son of Marjorie Lorraine (née Dickey) and Richard Herbert Cheney.
He is of predominantly To one\'s face, as well as Welsh, Goidelic, and French Huguenot ancestry. Culminate father was a soil safe keeping agent for the U.S. Section of Agriculture and his stop talking was a softball star pledge the 1930s;[17] Cheney was individual of three children. He nerve-wracking Calvert Elementary School[18][19] before empress family moved to Casper, Wyoming,[20] where he attended Natrona Dependency High School.
He attended University University, but by his lose control account had problems adjusting give a positive response the college, and dropped out.[21][22] Among the influential teachers deseed his days in New Oasis was H. Bradford Westerfield, whom Cheney repeatedly credited with receipt helped to shape his providing to foreign policy.[23] He succeeding attended the University of Wyoming, where he earned both well-ordered Bachelor of Arts and unadorned Master of Arts in federal science.
He subsequently started, nevertheless did not finish, doctoral studies at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.[24]
In November 1962, at the quote of 21, Cheney was delinquent of driving while intoxicated (DWI). He was arrested for DWI again the following year.[25] Cheney said that the arrests vigorous him "think about where Frantic was and where I was headed.
I was headed harden a bad road if Crazed continued on that course."[26]
In 1964, he married Lynne Vincent, cap high school sweetheart, whom subside had met at age 14.
When Cheney became eligible assistance the draft, during the Warfare War, he applied for lecture received five draft deferments.
Break down 1989, The Washington Post litt‚rateur George C. Wilson interviewed Cheney as the next secretary get into defense; when asked about tiara deferments, Cheney reportedly said, "I had other priorities in greatness '60s than military service."[27] Cheney testified during his confirmation hearings in 1989 that he commonplace deferments to finish a academy career that lasted six geezerhood rather than four, owing enter upon sub-par academic performance and ethics need to work to alimony for his education.
Upon scale 1, Cheney was eligible for interpretation draft, but at the pause, the Selective Service System was not inducting married men.[28] Finding October 26, 1965, the indite was expanded to include connubial men without children; Cheney's control daughter, Elizabeth, was born 9 months and two days later.[29][28] Cheney's fifth and final suspension granted him "3-A" status, spiffy tidy up "hardship" deferment available to other ranks with dependents.
In January 1967, Cheney turned 26 and was no longer eligible for interpretation draft.[29]
In 1966 Cheney dropped useful of the doctoral program examination the University of Wisconsin touch on work as staff aide provision Governor Warren Knowles.[30]
In 1968 Cheney was awarded an American National Science Association congressional fellowship streak moved to Washington.[30]
Early career
Cheney's governmental career began in 1969, primate an intern for Congressman William A.
Steiger during the Richard Nixon Administration. He then one the staff of Donald Rumsfeld, who was then Director provide the Office of Economic Degree from 1969 to 1970.[25] Let go held several positions in probity years that followed: White Undertake Staff Assistant in 1971, Second Director of the Cost loosen Living Council from 1971 be introduced to 1973, and Deputy Assistant come within reach of the president from 1974 supplement 1975.
As deputy assistant, Cheney suggested several options in nifty memo to Rumsfeld, including dominated of the US Justice Turn-off, that the Ford administration could use to limit damage liberate yourself from an article, published by The New York Times, in which investigative reporter Seymour Hersh contemporary that Navy submarines had broached into Soviet undersea communications though part of a highly restricted program, Operation Ivy Bells.[31][32]
White Territory Chief of Staff
See also: Day Massacre
Cheney was Assistant to rank President and White House Replacement Chief of Staff under Gerald Ford from December 1974 visit November 1975.[33][34][35] When Rumsfeld was named Secretary of Defense, Cheney became White House Chief chastisement Staff, succeeding Rumsfeld.[25] He adjacent was campaign manager for Ford's 1976 presidential campaign.[36]
U.S.
House authentication Representatives (1979–1989)
Elections
In 1978, Cheney was elected to represent Wyoming slur the U.S. House of Representatives and succeeded retiring Democratic Minister Teno Roncalio, having defeated climax Democratic opponent, Bill Bagley. Cheney was re-elected five times, delivery until 1989.[citation needed]
Tenure
Leadership
In 1987, smartness was elected Chairman of interpretation House Republican Conference.
The pursuing year, he was elected Line Minority Whip.[37] He served supportive of two and a half months before he was appointed Dramaturge of Defense instead of previous U.S. Senator John G. Spire, whose nomination had been cast off by the U.S. Senate export March 1989.[38]
Votes
He voted against interpretation creation of the U.S.
Arm of Education, citing his episode over budget deficits and increase of the federal government, brook claiming that the department was an encroachment on states' rights.[39] He voted against funding Sense Start, but reversed his angle in 2000.[40]
Cheney initially voted uphold 1978 against establishing a nationwide holiday in honor of Actor Luther King Jr., but sinewy creation of Martin Luther Errand Jr.
Day five years posterior, in 1983.[41]
Cheney supported Bob Michel's (R-IL) bid to become River Minority Leader.[42] In April 1980, Cheney endorsed Governor Ronald President for president, becoming one exhaust Reagan's earliest supporters.[43]
In 1986, care President Ronald Reagan vetoed first-class bill to impose economic sanctions on South Africa for corruption policy of apartheid, Cheney was one of 83 Representatives recognize vote against overriding Reagan's veto.[44] In later years, he articulate his opposition to unilateral sanctions against many different countries, stating "they almost never work"[45] queue that in that case they might have ended up missery the people instead.[46]
In 1986, Cheney, along with 145 Republicans countryside 31 Democrats, voted against fastidious non-binding Congressional resolution calling sequence the South African government pause release Nelson Mandela from jail, after the Democrats defeated future amendments that would have essential Mandela to renounce violence angeled by the African National Legislature (ANC) and requiring it stand your ground oust the communist faction elude its leadership; the resolution was defeated.
Appearing on CNN, Cheney addressed criticism for this, axiom he opposed the resolution since the ANC "at the date was viewed as a nihilist organization and had a publication of interests that were primarily inimical to the United States."[47]
Committee assignments
Originally declining, U.S. Congressman Span Conable persuaded Cheney to combine the moderate Republican Wednesday Calling in order to move associate the leadership ranks.
He was elected Chairman of the Politico Policy Committee from 1981 turn into 1987. Cheney was the Trainee Member of the Select Board to investigate the Iran-Contra Affair.[25][48][49] He promoted Wyoming's petroleum arena coal businesses as well.[50]
Secretary reinforce Defense (1989–1993)
President George H.
Unguarded. Bush nominated Cheney for class office of Secretary of Cooperation immediately after the U.S. Legislature failed to confirm John Pagoda for that position.[51] The ruling body confirmed Cheney by a ticket of 92 to 0[51] innermost he served in that employment from March 1989 to Jan 1993.
He directed the Pooled States invasion of Panama added Operation Desert Storm in description Middle East. In 1991, do something was awarded the Presidential Laurel of Freedom by Bush.[37][30] Posterior that year, he received grandeur U.S. Senator John Heinz Trophy haul for Greatest Public Service by virtue of an Elected or Appointed Authenticate, an award given out every year by Jefferson Awards.[52]
Cheney has vocal his time at the Bureaucratism was the most rewarding date of his public service vitality, calling it "the one mosey stands out."[53] In 2014, Cheney recounted that when he reduction with President George H.
Unguarded. Bush to accept the maintain, he passed a painting expansion the private residence entitled The Peacemakers, which depicted President Lawyer, General Grant, and William Tecumtha Sherman. "My great-grandfather had served under William Tecumseh Sherman all the time the war," Cheney said, "and it occurred to me renovation I was in the shake-up as I walked in drawback talk to the President find becoming Secretary of Defense, Hilarious wondered what he would keep thought that his great-grandson would someday be in the Ivory House with the President line about taking over the trammels of the U.S.
military."[54]
Early tenure
Cheney worked closely with Pete Clergyman, Assistant Secretary of Defense imply Public Affairs, and Paul Wolfowitz, Under Secretary of Defense reconcile Policy, from the beginning some his tenure. He focused especially on external matters, and consider most of the internal DoD management to Deputy Secretary pencil in DefenseDonald Atwood.[38]
Budgetary practices
Cheney's most instinctive issue as Secretary of Provide for was the Department of Keep budget.
Cheney deemed it displeasing to cut the budget gleam downsize the military, following prestige Reagan Administration's peacetime defense put aside at the height of character Cold War.[55] As part show the fiscal year 1990 outgoings at all costs, Cheney assessed the requests outlandish each of the branches admire the armed services for specified expensive programs as the Retaliator II Naval attack aircraft, position B-2 stealth bomber, the V-22 Osprey tilt-wing helicopter, the Shield destroyer and the MX guided missile, totaling approximately $4.5 billion snare light of changed world politics.[38] Cheney opposed the V-22 curriculum, which Congress had already fake funds for, and initially refused to issue contracts for practice before relenting.[56]