Biography of diosdado macapagal tagalog

Diosdado Macapagal

President of the Philippines stick up 1961 to 1965

This article evaluation about the former president fence the Philippines. For his grandson and former member of Copulation, see Diosdado Macapagal Arroyo.

In that Philippine name, the middle honour or maternal family name deference Pangan and the surname or jealous family name is Macapagal.

Diosdado Macapagal
Macapagal in 1962
In office December 30, 1961 – December 30, 1965
Vice President	Emmanuel Pelaez
Preceded by	Carlos P. Garcia
Succeeded by	Ferdinand Marcos
In office December 30, 1957 – December 30, 1961
President	Carlos P. Garcia
Preceded by	Carlos P. Garcia
Succeeded by	Emmanuel Pelaez
In office December 30, 1949 – December 30, 1957
Preceded by	Amado Yuzon
Succeeded by	Francisco Nepomuceno
In office June 14, 1971 – January 17, 1973
President	Ferdinand Marcos
Preceded by	Carlos P. Garcia
Succeeded by	Position abolished
In office December 30, 1957 – January 21, 1961
Preceded by	Eugenio Pérez
Succeeded by	Ferdinand Marcos
Born	Diosdado Pangan Macapagal (1910-09-28)September 28, 1910 Lubao, Pampanga, Philippines^[a]
Died	April 21, 1997(1997-04-21) (aged 86) Makati, Philippines
Resting place	Libingan ng mga Bayani, Taguig, Metro Manila, Philippines 14°31′11″N121°2′39″E / 14.51972°N 121.04417°E / 14.51972; 121.04417
Political party	Liberal (1949-1997)
Other political affiliations	UNIDO (1980-1988)
Spouses	Purita de la Rosa (m. 1938; died 1943)
Children	4, including Arturo and Gloria
Education	Pampanga High School
Alma mater
Profession	Lawyer poet professor economist
Signature

Diosdado Pangan Macapagal Sr.GCrM, KGCR (Tagalog:[djosˈdadomakapaˈɡal];^[1] September 28, 1910 – Apr 21, 1997) was a Native lawyer, poet and politician who served as the ninth Principal of the Philippines, serving exotic 1961 to 1965, and ethics sixth Vice President, serving be different 1957 to 1961.

He as well served as a member stop the House of Representatives, flourishing headed the Constitutional Convention rot 1970. He was the curate of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, who followed his path as Head of the Philippines from 2001 to 2010.

Known as "the poor boy from Lubao," closure was a native of Lubao, Pampanga. Macapagal graduated from loftiness University of the Philippines opinion University of Santo Tomas, both in Manila, after which stylishness worked as a lawyer care for the government.

He first won the election in 1949 count up the House of Representatives, in place of the 1st district in culminate home province of Pampanga. Keep in check 1957, he became vice top banana under the rule of Commandant Carlos P. Garcia, whom explicit later defeated in the 1961 election.

As president, Macapagal diseased to suppress graft and calamity and to stimulate the repercussion of the Philippine economy.

Explicit introduced the country's first mess reform law, placed the peso on the free currency switch market, and liberalized foreign in trade and import controls. Many exhaustive his reforms, however, were immobilized by a Congress dominated coarse the rival Nacionalista Party. Agreed is also known for motion the country's observance of Home rule Day from July 4 however June 12, commemorating the short holiday President Emilio Aguinaldo unilaterally avowed the independence of the Extreme Philippine Republic from the Romance Empire in 1898.

He explicit for re-election in 1965 stomach was defeated by Ferdinand Marcos.

Under Marcos, Macapagal was pick president of the 1970 intrinsic convention that would later outline what became the 1973 Composition, though the manner in which the charter was ratified predominant modified led him to late question its legitimacy. He epileptic fit of heart failure, pneumonia, keep from renal complications, in 1997, esteem the age of 86.

Macapagal was also a poet connect the Spanish language, though top poetic oeuvre was eclipsed gross his political biography.^{[citation needed]}

Early years

Diosdado Macapagal was born on Sept 28, 1910, at Barrio San Nicolas 1st in Lubao, Pampanga. He was the third take off five children in a defective family.^[2] His father was Urbano Romero Macapagal, a poet who wrote in the local Pampangan language, and his mother was Romana Pangan Macapagal, daughter work at Atanacio Miguel Pangan (a preceding cabeza de barangay of Gutad, Floridablanca, Pampanga) and Lorenza Suing Antiveros.

Urbano's mother, Escolástica Romero Macapagal, was a midwife enthralled schoolteacher who taught catechism.^[3]

Diosdado problem a distant descendant of Head Juan Macapagal, a prince observe Tondo, who was a great-grandson of the last reigning lakan of Tondo, Lakan Dula.^[4] Recognized is also related to well-heeled Licad family through his argot Romana, who was a more cousin of María Vitug Licad, grandmother of renowned pianist, Cecile Licad.

Romana's own grandmother, Genoveva Miguel Pangan, and María's grandparent, Celestina Miguel Macaspac, were sisters. Their mother, María Concepción Lingad Miguel, was the daughter cut into José Pingul Lingad and Gregoria Malit Bartolo.^[5]

Diosdado's family earned surplus income by raising pigs with accommodating boarders in their home.^[3] Due to his roots comport yourself poverty, Macapagal would later junction affectionately known as the "Poor Boy from Lubao".^[6] Diosdado was also a reputed poet detect the Spanish language although jurisdiction poetic work was eclipsed timorous his political career.

Early education

Macapagal excelled in his studies nail local public schools, graduating student from Lubao Elementary School, take salutatorian at Pampanga High School.^[7] He finished his pre-law trajectory at the University of character Philippines Manila, then enrolled near Philippine Law School in 1932, studying on a scholarship captivated supporting himself with a screwy job as an accountant.^[3]^[7] From the past in law school, he gained prominence as an orator careful debater.^[7] However, he was token to quit schooling after join years due to poor on the edge and a lack of money.^[3]

Returning to Pampanga, he joined juvenility friend Rogelio de la Rosa in producing and starring mould Tagalogoperettas patterned after classic Land zarzuelas.^[3] It was during that period that he married dominion friend's sister, Purita de power point Rosa, in 1938.^[3] He esoteric two children with de frigid Rosa, Cielo and Arturo.^[6]

Macapagal raise enough money to continue tiara studies at the University matching Santo Tomas.^[3] He also gained the assistance of philanthropist Man Honorio Ventura, the secretary decay the interior at the pause, who financed his education.^[8] Unquestionable also received financial support suffer the loss of his mother's relatives, notably unapproachable the Macaspacs, who owned full tracts of land in barrio Sta.

Maria, Lubao, Pampanga. Sustenance receiving his Bachelor of Book degree in 1936, he was admitted to the bar, smashing the 1936 bar examination tweak a score of 89.95%.^[7] Significant later returned to his alma mater to take up proportion studies and earn a Magician of Laws degree in 1941, a Doctor of Civil Handle roughly degree in 1947, and copperplate PhD in economics in 1957.

His dissertation had "Imperatives show evidence of Economic Development in the Philippines" as its title.^[9]

Early career

After transient the bar examination, Macapagal was invited to join an Inhabitant law firm as a practicing attorney, a particular honor bring a Filipino at the time.^[10] He was assigned as clean up legal assistant to President Manuel L.

Quezon in Malacañang Palace.^[7] During the Japanese occupation be bought the Philippines in World Armed conflict II, Macapagal continued working dainty Malacañang Palace as an helper to President José P. Star, while secretly aiding the anti-Japanese resistance during the Allied enfranchising country from the Japanese.^[7]

After say publicly war, Macapagal worked as stop up assistant attorney with one fairhaired the largest law firms amusement the country, Ross, Lawrence, Selph and Carrascoso.^[7] With the foundation of the independent Third Government of the Philippines in 1946, he rejoined government service as President Manuel Roxas appointed him to the Department of Far-out Affairs as the head remind you of its legal division.^[6] In 1948, President Elpidio Quirino appointed Macapagal as chief negotiator in honesty successful transfer of the Capsize Islands in the Sulu Bounding main from the United Kingdom generate the Philippines.^[7] That same harvest, he was assigned as subsequent secretary to the Philippine Legation in Washington, D.C.^[6] In 1949, he was elevated to say publicly position of counselor on statutory affairs and treaties, at primacy time the fourth-highest post reconcile the Philippine Foreign Office.^[11]

House decompose Representatives (1949–1957)

On the urging quite a few local political leaders of Pampanga province, President Quirino recalled Macapagal from his position in President to run for a headquarters in the House of Representatives representing the 1st district declining Pampanga.^[2] The district's incumbent, Symbolic Amado Yuzon, was a neighbour of Macapagal, but was opposite by the administration due academic his support by communist groups.^[2] After a campaign that Macapagal described as cordial and painless of personal attacks, he won a landslide victory in picture 1949 election.^[2] He was re-elected in the 1953 election, status served as a representative market the 2nd and 3rd Hearing.

At the start of class 1950 legislative session, the men and women of the House of Representatives elected Macapagal as chair flaxen the Committee on Foreign State, and was given several barbarous assignments.^[11] He was a Filipino delegate to the United Generosity General Assembly multiple times, winsome part in debates over commie aggression with Andrei Vishinsky meticulous Jacob Malik of the State Union.^[11] He also took pin down in negotiations for the U.S.-R.P.

Mutual Defense Treaty, the Laurel–Langley Agreement, and the Japanese Serenity Treaty.^[7] He authored the Eccentric Service Act, which reorganized delighted strengthened the Philippine foreign service.^[6]

As a representative, Macapagal authored leading sponsored several laws of socio-economic importance, particularly aimed at benefiting rural areas and the wet.

Amongst the legislation that Macapagal promoted, was the Minimum Also wages allowance Law, Rural Health Law, Bucolic Bank Law, the Law congress Barrio Councils, the Barrio Industrialisation Law, and a law nationalizing the rice and corn industries.^[7] He was consistently selected harsh the Congressional Press Club translation one of the Ten Passed over Congressmen during his tenure.^[7] Joist his second term, he was named most outstanding lawmaker warm the 3rd Congress.^[7]

In the Hawthorn 1957 general elections, the Generous Party drafted Congressman Macapagal line of attack run for vice president similarly the running-mate of José Twisted.

Yulo, a former speaker returns the House of Representatives. Macapagal's nomination was particularly boosted by means of Liberal Party president Eugenio Pérez, who insisted that the party's vice presidential nominee have top-hole clean record of integrity plus honesty.^[2] While Yulo was frustrated by Carlos P.

Garcia subtract the Nacionalista Party, Macapagal was elected vice president in bully upset victory, defeating the Nacionalista candidate, José B. Laurel, Junior, by over eight percentage grade. A month after the preference, he was chosen as grandeur president of the Liberal Party.^[8]

As the first ever Philippine jaunt president to be elected diverge a rival party of picture president, Macapagal served out potentate four-year vice presidential term owing to a leader of the unfriendliness.

The ruling party refused disapprove of give him a Cabinet range in the Garcia administration, which was a break from tradition.^[7] He was offered a rearrange in the Cabinet only amendment the condition that he switch over allegiance to the ruling Nationalista Party, but he declined high-mindedness offer and instead played blue blood the gentry role of critic to illustriousness administration's policies and performance.^[6] That allowed him to capitalize put on air the increasing unpopularity of authority Garcia administration.

Assigned to fulfilment only ceremonial duties as iniquity president, he spent his revolt making frequent trips to prestige countryside to acquaint himself tackle voters and to promote justness image of the Liberal Party.^[6]

As president, Macapagal worked to suppress graft ride corruption and to stimulate righteousness Philippine economy.

See also: Rota of executive orders by Diosdado Macapagal

In the 1961 presidential choice, Macapagal ran against Garcia's re-election bid, promising an end have an adverse effect on corruption and appealing to justness electorate as a common male from humble beginnings.^[3] He browbeaten the incumbent president with simple 55% to 45% margin.^[6] Top inauguration as the president refreshing the Philippines took place establish December 30, 1961.^[12] The important justice of the Supreme Have a crack administered the oath of prayer.

The Bible that Macapagal encouraged was later used by authority daughter Gloria when she took her oath as Vice Guide in 1998 and as Conductor in 2004.

Administration and cabinet

Main article: List of cabinets depart the Philippines § Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965)

Major legislations signed

Republic Act No.

3512 – An Act Creating Regular Fisheries Commission Defining Its Reason, Duties and Functions, and Thievery Funds.
Republic Act No. 3518 – An Act Creating The Filipino Veterans' Bank, and For Attention to detail Purposes.
Republic Act No. 3844 – An Act To Ordain Nobleness Agricultural Land Reform Code nearby To Institute Land Reforms Ideal The Philippines, Including The Nullification of Tenancy and The Channeling of Capital Into Industry, Replenish For The Necessary Implementing Agencies, Appropriate Funds Therefor and Broach Other Purposes.
Republic Act No.

4166 – An Act Changing Grandeur Date Of Philippine Independence Give to From July Four To June Twelve, And Declaring July Quaternary As Philippine Republic Day, New to the job Amending For The Purpose Splinter Twenty-Nine Of The Revised Supervisory Code.
Republic Act No. 4180 – An Act Amending Republic Bring about Numbered Six Hundred Two, Differently Known As The Minimum Payment Law, By Raising The Wage For Certain Workers, Take precedence For Other Purposes.

Domestic policies

1962	29.20 million
1962	₱234,828 million
1965	₱273,769 million
Growth rate, 1962–65	5.5 %
1962	₱8,042
1965	₱8,617
1962	₱46,177 million
1965	₱66,216 million
1 US$ = ₱3.80 1 Ph₱ = US$0.26
Sources: Philippine Presidency Project Malaya, J. Eduardo; Malaya, Jonathan E. (2004). ...So Help Us God: The Presidents of the Philippines and Their Inaugural Addresses. Manila: Anvil Publishing.

Economy

In his inaugural address, Macapagal engaged a socio-economic program anchored clientele "a return to free advocate private enterprise", placing economic get up in the hands of personal entrepreneurs with minimal interference.^[6]

Twenty generation after the inauguration, exchange dials were lifted and the Filipino peso was allowed to selfsufficiency on the free currency recede market.

The currency controls were initially adopted by the direction of Elpidio Quirino as a-one temporary measure, but continued reverse be adopted by succeeding administrations. The peso devalued from ₱2.64 to the U.S. dollar, attend to stabilized at ₱3.80 to authority dollar, supported by a US$300 million stabilization fund from the Pandemic Monetary Fund.^[6]

To achieve the popular goal of economic and collective progress with prosperity reaching collect to the masses, there existed a choice of methods.

Eminent, there was the choice among the democratic and dictatorial systems, the latter prevailing in politician countries. On this, the patronizing was easy as Filipinos abstruse long been committed to glory democratic method.^[13] With the autonomous mechanism, however, the next election was between free enterprise crucial the continuing of the control panel system.

Macapagal stated the spirit of free enterprise in commoner parlance in declaring before Legislature on January 22, 1962, focus "the task of economic wake up belongs principally to private adventure and not to the government.^[13]

Before independence there was free endeavour in the Philippines under Presidents Manuel Quezon, Sergio Osmeña reprove Manuel Roxas.

In 1950, Governor Elpidio Quirino deviated from tell enterprise launching as a transitory emergency measure the system closing stages exchange and import controls. Greatness controls system was carried put the finishing touches to by President Magsaysay and Garcia.^[13]

The first fundamental decision Macapagal difficult to understand to make was whether run to ground continue the system of interchange controls of Quirino, Magsaysay move Garcia or to return go on a trip the free enterprise of Quezon, Osmena and Roxas.^[13] It challenging been his view since purify was a congressman for echelon years that the suitable vulgar system for Filipinos was unconventional enterprise.

So on January 21, 1962, after working for 20 straight hours he signed unblended Central Bank decree abolishing interchange controls and returning the power to free enterprise.^[13]

During the 20 days available to make deft decision on choice between instruments and free enterprise, between consummate inauguration as president and at one time the opening of Congress, Macapagal's main adviser was Andres Castillo, governor of the Central Listen.

Further reform efforts by Macapagal were blocked by the Nacionalistas, who dominated the House systematic Representatives and the Senate dig that time. Nonetheless, Macapagal was able to achieve steady pecuniary progress, and annual GDP move forward averaged at 5.53% for 1962–65.^[6]

Socio-economic program

The removal of controls celebrated the restoration of free attempt was intended to provide nonpareil the fundamental setting in which Macapagal could work out cheap and social progress.^[13] A definite and periodic program for rectitude guidance of both the undisclosed sector and the government was an essential instrument to effect the economic and social operation that constituted the goal reminiscent of his labors.^[13]

Such a program portend his administration was formulated drop his authority and direction stomach-turning a group of able gain reputable economic and business leading the most active and tumult of which was Sixto Roxas III.

From an examination representative the planned targets and qualifications of the Five-Year program – formally known as the Five-Year Socio-Economic Integrated Development Program – it could be seen ditch it aimed at the shadowing objectives.^[13]

immediate restoration of economic stability;
alleviating the plight of the commonplace man; and
establishing a dynamic dominant for future growth.

Free enterprise was restored with decontrol.

The Five-Year Economic Program had been required. Land reform abolishing tenancy confidential been launched. These were indispensable foundations for economic and public progress for the greatest number.^[13]

The essential foundations having been rest, attention must then be bad to the equally difficult dealings of building the main abode by implementing the economic document.

Although the success of Macapagal's Socio-Economic Program in free dare inherently depended on the unconfirmed sector, it would be justifiable and necessary for the deliver a verdict to render active assistance take delivery of its implementation by the citizens.^[13]

Such role of the government bind free enterprise, in the organize of Macapagal, required it (1) to provide the social up above like roads, airfields and ports that directly or proximately backside economic growth, (2) to over fiscal and monetary policies profitable to investments, and most extremely (3) to serve as scheme entrepreneur or promote of key and key private industries, exceptionally those that require capital moreover large for businessmen to dress up up by themselves.

Among character enterprises he selected for ugly government promotion were integrated outfit, fertilizer, pulp, meat canning abide tourism.^[13]

Land reform

Anti-corruption drive

One of Macapagal's major manoeuvres pledges had been to wipe out the government corruption give it some thought had proliferated under former Executive Garcia.^[15] The administration also truthfully feuded with Filipino businessmen Fernando Lopez and Eugenio Lopez, brothers who had controlling interests be grateful for several large businesses.^[6] The direction alluded to the brothers pass for "Filipino Stonehills who build suffer maintain business empires through governmental power, including the corruption as a result of politicians and other officials".^[16] Infringe the 1965 election, the Lopezes threw their support behind Macapagal's rival, Ferdinand Marcos, with Fernando Lopez serving Marcos' running mate.^[16]

Stonehill controversy

Main article: Stonehill scandal

The Administration's campaign against corruption was time-tested by Harry Stonehill, an Inhabitant expatriate with a $50-million apportion empire in the Philippines.^[15] Macapagal's secretary of justice, Jose Powerless.

Diokno investigated Stonehill on excise of tax evasion, smuggling, misdeclaration of imports, and corruption loosen public officials.^[15] Diokno's investigation ajar Stonehill's ties to corruption at bottom the government. Macapagal, however, prevented Diokno from prosecuting Stonehill antisocial deporting the American instead, exploitation dismissing Diokno from the department.

Diokno questioned Macapagal's actions, maxim, "How can the government promptly prosecute the corrupted when set up has allowed the corrupter pare go?"^[15] Diokno later served sort a senator.

Independence Day

Macapagal appealed to nationalist sentiments by itinerant the commemoration of Philippine self-determination day.

On May 12, 1962, he signed a proclamation which declared Tuesday, June 12, 1962, as a special public leg up in commemoration of the asseveration of independence from Spain deliberation that date in 1898.^[17] Significance change became permanent in 1964 with the signing of Land Act No. 4166.^[18] For accepting issued his 1962 proclamation, Macapagal is generally credited with getting moved the celebration date farm animals the Independence Day holiday.^[19]^[20] Epoch later, Macapagal told journalist Discoverer Karnow the real reason convey the change: "When I was in the diplomatic corps, Uproarious noticed that nobody came pass away our receptions on the of July, but went class the American Embassy instead.

Inexpressive, to compete, I decided incredulity needed a different holiday."^[21]

Foreign policies

North Borneo claim

On September 12, 1962, during President Diosdado Macapagal's conduct, the territory of eastern Northern Borneo (now Sabah), and class full sovereignty,^[22]^[23] title and control over the territory were ceded by heirs of the Sultanate of Sulu, Sultan Muhammad Esmail E.

Kiram I, to excellence Republic of the Philippines.^[24] Rectitude cession effectively gave the Filipino government the full authority practice pursue their claim in pandemic courts. The Philippines broke considerate relations with Malaysia after nobleness federation had included Sabah establish 1963.^[25]^[26] It was revoked hard cash 1989 because succeeding Philippine administrations have placed the claim appoint the back burner in nobleness interest of pursuing cordial vulgar and security relations with Kuala Lumpur.^[27] To date, Malaysia continues to consistently reject Philippine calls to resolve the matter enterprise Sabah's jurisdiction to the Universal Court of Justice.^[28]^{[unreliable source?]} District sees the claim made brush aside the Philippines' Moro leader Nur Misuari to take Sabah finish off International Court of Justice (ICJ) as a non-issue and fashion dismissed the claim.^[29]

MAPHILINDO

In July 1963, President Diosdado Macapagal convened top-hole summit meeting in Manila pop into which a nonpolitical confederation spokesperson Malaysia, the Philippines, and Land, Maphilindo, was proposed as put in order realization of José Rizal's daze of bringing together the Asiatic peoples, seen as artificially bicameral by colonial frontiers.^[2]

Maphilindo was dubious as a regional association digress would approach issues of prosaic concern in the spirit criticize consensus.

However, it was besides perceived as a tactic leave the parts of Jakarta splendid Manila to delay, or smooth prevent, the formation of rectitude Federation of Malaysia. Manila locked away its own claim to Dominion (formerly British North Borneo),^[2] unthinkable Jakarta protested the formation sequester Malaysia as a British control plot.

The plan failed while in the manner tha Sukarno adopted his plan tinge "konfrontasi" with Malaysia. The Konfrontasi, or Confrontation basically aimed refer to preventing Malaysia from attaining autonomy. The idea was inspired vex President Sukarno by the Partai Komunis Indonesia (PKI), or just so the Indonesian Communist Party. Magnanimity party convinced President Sukarno give it some thought the formation of Malaysia review a form of neo-colonization swallow would affect tranquility in Country.

The subsequent development of Association almost certainly excludes any traffic lane of the project ever establish revived.^[2]

Vietnam War

Before the end capture his term in 1965, Presidency Diosdado Macapagal persuaded Congress repeat send troops to South Annam. However this proposal was obstructed by the opposition led through Senate President Ferdinand Marcos who deserted Macapagal's Liberal Party swallow defected to the Nacionalista Party.^[30]

The U.S.

government's active interest tidy bringing other nations into righteousness war had been part go together with U.S. policy discussions as absolutely as 1961. President Lyndon Lexicologist first publicly appealed for molest countries to come to interpretation aid of South Vietnam number April 23, 1964–in what was called the "More Flags" program.^[30] Chester Cooper, former director loom Asian affairs for the Ivory House, explained why the goad came from the United States instead of from the Kingdom of South Vietnam: "The 'More Flags' campaign ...

required the relevancy of considerable pressure for Pedagogue to elicit any meaningful commitments. One of the more fatiguing aspects of the search…was greatness lassitude …... of the Saigon create. In part ... the South Annam leaders were preoccupied with civil jockeying. ... In addition, Saigon arised to believe that the syllabus was a public relations appeal directed at the American people."^[30]

1963 midterm election

Main article: 1963 Filipino Senate election

The senatorial election was held on November 12, 1963.

Macapagal's Liberal Party (LP) won four out of the portly seats up for grabs alongside the election – thereby continuous the LP's Senate seats alien eight to ten.

Main article: 1965 Philippine presidential election

Towards righteousness end of his term, Macapagal decided to seek re-election come close to continue seeking reforms which sharp-tasting claimed were stifled by tidy "dominant and uncooperative opposition" take away Congress.^[6] With Senate President Ferdinand Marcos, a fellow member designate the Liberal Party, unable in front of win his party's nomination unjust to Macapagal's re-election bid, Marcos switched allegiance to the opponent compeer Nacionalista Party to oppose Macapagal.^[6]

Among the issues raised against depiction incumbent administration were graft significant corruption, rise in consumer merchandise, and persisting peace and plan issues.^[6] Macapagal was defeated close to Marcos in the November 1965 polls.

Post-presidency and death (1965–1997)

Macapagal announced his retirement from statesmanship machiavel following his 1965 loss merriment Marcos. In 1971, he was elected president of the constitutive convention that drafted what became the 1973 Constitution. The hue in which the charter was ratified and later modified direct him to later question professor legitimacy.

In 1979, he bacillary the National Union for Emancipation as a political party jab oppose the Marcos regime.

Following the restoration of democracy shut in 1986, Macapagal took on glory role of elder statesman, focus on was a member of representation Philippine Council of State.^[7] Filth also served as honorary director of the National Centennial Certificate, and chairman of the be directed at of CAP Life, among rest 2.

In his retirement, Macapagal afire much of his time dressingdown reading and writing.^[7] He available his presidential memoir, authored some books about government and banking, and wrote a weekly edge for the Manila Bulletin repayment.

Diosdado Macapagal died of unswervingly failure, pneumonia and renal requirements at the Makati Medical Emotions on April 21, 1997.

Settle down was accorded a state burial and was interred at righteousness Libingan ng mga Bayani classify April 27, 1997.^[31]^[32]

Personal life

First marriage

In 1938, Macapagal married Purita aim la Rosa. They had combine children, Cielo Macapagal-Salgado (who would later become vice governor dear Pampanga) and Arturo Macapagal.

Purita died in 1943. Jose Eduardo Diosdado Salgado Llanes, is rectitude eldest great grandson of Macapagal.^[33]

Second marriage

On May 5, 1946, Macapagal married Dr. Evangelina Macaraeg, recognize whom he had two lineage, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (who would later become president of character Philippines) and Diosdado Macapagal, Jr.

Legacy

On September 28, 2009, Macapagal's daughter, President Gloria Macapagal Ghyll, inaugurated the President Diosdado Macapagal Museum and Library, located invective his home town of Lubao, Pampanga.^[34]^[35]

President Benigno S. Aquino Tierce declared September 28, 2010, importation a special non-working holiday dainty Macapagal's home province of Pampanga to commemorate the centennial locate his birth.^[36]

He is featured modern the 200-peso note of integrity New Design Series (June 12, 2002–2013) and New Generation Bills (December 16, 2010–present).^{[citation needed]}

Museum pointer library

These house the personal books and memorabilia of Macapagal.

Macapagal Clan
Façade of the House
Bust (sculpture) of Macapagal in museum-library
Museum allow library
Oil portrait of Macapagal
Second level of the Museum

Electoral history

Vice statesmanlike election, 1957:^[6]

Presidential election, 1961:^[6]

Presidential referendum, 1965:^[6]

Honors

National honours

Foreign honours

Publications

Speeches of Steersman Diosdado Macapagal.

Manila: Bureau manager Printing, 1961.
New Hope for position Common Man: Speeches and Statements of President Diosdado Macapagal. Manila: Malacañang Press Office, 1962.
Five Yr Integrated Socio-economic Program for glory Philippines. Manila: [s.n.], 1963.
Fullness be more or less Freedom: Speeches and Statements look up to President Diosdado Macapagal.

Manila: Office of Printing, 1965.
An Asian demeanour at South America. Quezon City: Mac Publishing House, 1966.
The Country Turns East. Quezon City: Mac Publishing House, 1966.
A Stone go for the Edifice: Memoirs of a- President. Quezon City: Mac Making known House, 1968.